Turbo charging is all about air density more molecules of air in a given space. Pressuring the air means more molecules can be crammed in and, when the temperature is low, the molecules are smaller, so more can be crammed in.
But compressing the air in the turbo increases its temperature, as does the heat from the exhaust gas up to 800 degrees in the nearby make the air charge more dense, the air is piped to the intercooler at the front of the vehicle.
Cool fresh air flowing across the intercooler reduces the temperature and increases the density of the charge air before it is piped back to the engine manifold.
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